In Canada, there are several types of Intrauterine Devices (IUDs) available for women seeking a long-term, reversible form of birth control. An IUD is a small device inserted into the uterus by a healthcare provider to prevent pregnancy. The different types of IUDs available in Canada vary in their composition, mechanism of action, and duration of use.
Types of IUDs Available in Canada
There are two main categories of IUDs available in Canada: hormonal IUDs and copper IUDs. Hormonal IUDs release a small amount of progestin, a synthetic form of the hormone progesterone, to prevent pregnancy. Copper IUDs, on the other hand, work by releasing ions that are toxic to sperm, preventing fertilization.
Hormonal IUDs
The following hormonal IUDs are available in Canada:
- Mirena: releases 20 mcg of levonorgestrel per day and is effective for up to 5 years
- Kyleena: releases 17.5 mcg of levonorgestrel per day and is effective for up to 5 years
- Skyla: releases 13.5 mcg of levonorgestrel per day and is effective for up to 3 years
- Liletta: releases 18.6 mcg of levonorgestrel per day and is effective for up to 5 years
These IUDs work by thickening cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg, as well as thinning the lining of the uterus to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg.
Copper IUDs
The following copper IUDs are available in Canada:
- ParaGard: releases copper ions to prevent sperm from reaching the egg and is effective for up to 10 years
- Copper-T IUD: releases copper ions to prevent sperm from reaching the egg and is effective for up to 10 years
Copper IUDs work by causing a chemical reaction that is toxic to sperm, preventing fertilization.
| Type of IUD | Composition | Duration of Use |
|---|---|---|
| Mirena | Levonorgestrel | Up to 5 years |
| Kyleena | Levonorgestrel | Up to 5 years |
| Skyla | Levonorgestrel | Up to 3 years |
| Liletta | Levonorgestrel | Up to 5 years |
| ParaGard | Copper | Up to 10 years |
| Copper-T IUD | Copper | Up to 10 years |
When choosing an IUD, it's crucial to consider factors such as the duration of use, potential side effects, and ease of insertion and removal. Additionally, women should discuss their medical history, including any previous pregnancies, miscarriages, or abortion, with their healthcare provider to ensure the chosen IUD is suitable for their needs.
In Canada, IUDs are widely available at clinics, hospitals, and private medical practices. Many healthcare providers offer IUD insertion and removal services, and some may also provide counseling and education on IUD use and maintenance.
How effective are IUDs in preventing pregnancy?
+IUDs are highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a failure rate of less than 1%. Hormonal IUDs, such as Mirena and Kyleena, have a failure rate of 0.1-0.4%, while copper IUDs, such as ParaGard, have a failure rate of 0.8-1.9%.
Can IUDs be used as emergency contraception?
+Yes, copper IUDs, such as ParaGard, can be used as emergency contraception if inserted within 5 days of unprotected sex. Hormonal IUDs, such as Mirena, are not approved for emergency contraception.
How much do IUDs cost in Canada?
+The cost of IUDs in Canada varies depending on the type and location. On average, hormonal IUDs can cost between $300-$500, while copper IUDs can cost between $100-$300. Many private insurance plans and government-funded programs cover the cost of IUDs, so it's essential to check with your provider or insurance company to determine coverage.
In conclusion, IUDs are a highly effective and convenient form of birth control available in Canada. With various types of IUDs to choose from, women can select the one that best suits their needs and medical history. By consulting with a healthcare provider and considering individual factors, women can make an informed decision about IUD use and take control of their reproductive health.
