The Yale exit device, also known as a panic hardware or crash bar, is a type of door hardware designed to provide safe and rapid egress from a building in emergency situations. These devices are typically installed on exterior doors, particularly in commercial and public buildings, where a large number of people may need to exit quickly. The primary function of a Yale exit device is to allow individuals to exit a building by simply pushing on the door, without the need to turn a handle or unlock the door.
History and Development of Yale Exit Devices
The concept of exit devices dates back to the early 20th century, when the need for safe and efficient egress from buildings became a growing concern. The Yale Lock Company, founded in 1840, was one of the pioneering manufacturers of door hardware, including exit devices. Over the years, Yale has continued to innovate and improve its exit device designs, incorporating new materials, technologies, and safety features. Today, Yale exit devices are widely recognized for their reliability, durability, and compliance with various building codes and safety standards.
Types of Yale Exit Devices
Yale offers a range of exit devices to cater to different building types, door configurations, and security requirements. Some of the most common types of Yale exit devices include:
- Rim exit devices: These are the most common type, where the exit device is mounted on the door and the latch is connected to the door frame.
- Mortise exit devices: These are used on doors with a mortise lock, where the exit device is integrated into the lock body.
- Concealed exit devices: These are designed for doors with a concealed vertical rod, where the exit device is hidden from view.
- Electric exit devices: These are used in conjunction with electronic access control systems, allowing for remote monitoring and control of door exit points.
| Exit Device Type | Features | Applications |
|---|---|---|
| Rim Exit Device | Simple installation, durable construction | Commercial buildings, offices, schools |
| Mortise Exit Device | High security, tamper-resistant | Government buildings, financial institutions, high-risk facilities |
| Concealed Exit Device | Hidden from view, sleek design | Residential buildings, hotels, restaurants |
| Electric Exit Device | Remote monitoring, electronic access control | High-security facilities, data centers, research institutions |
Technical Specifications and Performance
Yale exit devices are designed to meet or exceed various industry standards, including those set by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), the International Building Code (IBC), and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Some key technical specifications and performance features of Yale exit devices include:
Materials: Yale exit devices are typically constructed from high-quality materials, such as stainless steel, aluminum, or brass, to ensure durability and resistance to corrosion.
Finish: Yale offers a range of finishes, including polished brass, satin chrome, and brushed stainless steel, to match various architectural styles and door hardware.
Cycle testing: Yale exit devices undergo rigorous cycle testing to ensure they can withstand heavy use and maintain their functionality over time.
UL (Underwriters Laboratories) certification is a critical aspect of Yale exit device testing, which verifies that the devices meet specific safety standards for fire resistance, impact resistance, and other performance criteria.
Installation and Maintenance
Proper installation and maintenance of Yale exit devices are crucial to ensure their optimal performance and longevity. This includes:
- Following the manufacturer’s installation instructions and guidelines
- Regularly inspecting and testing the exit device to ensure proper function
- Cleaning and lubricating the device as needed to prevent corrosion and wear
- Replacing worn or damaged components promptly to maintain device integrity
What is the difference between a rim exit device and a mortise exit device?
+A rim exit device is mounted on the door and connected to the door frame, whereas a mortise exit device is integrated into the lock body and requires a mortise lock. The choice between the two depends on the door configuration, security requirements, and aesthetic preferences.
Can Yale exit devices be used on fire-rated doors?
+Yes, Yale exit devices can be used on fire-rated doors, but it's essential to select a device that is specifically designed and tested for use on fire-rated doors. These devices must meet the requirements of UL 10C and NFPA 80, among other standards.
In conclusion, Yale exit devices play a critical role in ensuring safe and efficient egress from buildings in emergency situations. By understanding the different types, technical specifications, and performance features of these devices, building owners, architects, and specifiers can make informed decisions when selecting and installing exit devices. Regular maintenance and inspection are also crucial to ensure the optimal performance and longevity of these devices.
